The modernization of agriculture and rural areas is closely linked to the overall vision and quality of Chinese-style modernization. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China has achieved a new leap in its comprehensive agricultural production capacity, consolidated and expanded the achievements made in poverty alleviation, significantly improved farmers’ living standards, and made notable progress toward the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. The 15th Five-Year Plan period represents a critical phase for laying a solid foundation and making all-out efforts toward basically achieving socialist modernization. We must accelerate efforts to address the most prominent shortcomings in the agricultural and rural sectors and speed up the building of a strong agricultural country. As 2026 marks the beginning of the 15th Five-Year Plan period, it is of paramount importance to do a good job in “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” (the “Three Rural Issues”). We must adhere to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as our guiding principle, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the resolutions of successive plenary sessions of the 20th Central Committee, earnestly carry out the arrangements made at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee, and fully implement General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourses and instructions on the “Three Rural Issues.” We must continue to regard solving the “Three Rural Issues” as the top priority of the Party’s work, uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership over these issues, fully and accurately implement the new development philosophy, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, prioritize the development of agriculture and rural areas, promote integrated urban-rural development, and firmly focus on the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Taking the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas as the main driving force, guided by the experience gained from the “Ten Million Project,” and driven by reform and innovation, we must enhance the effectiveness of policies aimed at strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers, and enriching rural residents; safeguard the bottom line of national food security; continuously consolidate and expand the achievements made in poverty alleviation; elevate the level of rural industrial development, rural construction, and rural governance; and strive to transform agriculture into a modern, large-scale industry, ensure that rural areas are equipped with basic modern living conditions, and enable farmers to enjoy a richer and better life—thus providing a solid foundation for advancing Chinese-style modernization.

1. Enhance the comprehensive productivity and quality and efficiency of agriculture.

(1) Steadily promote the development of grain and oilseed production. Grain output will remain stable at around 1.4 trillion jin. We will simultaneously focus on boosting both production capacity and ecological sustainability, as well as increasing yields and incomes. We will intensify efforts to implement a new round of initiatives aimed at enhancing grain production capacity by an additional 100 billion jin, promoting integrated improvements in high-quality farmland, superior varieties, advanced machinery, and optimal farming practices to achieve greater efficiency. We will also advance large-scale increases in per-unit yields of grain and oilseed crops. Based on local conditions, we will optimize agricultural production structures and regional layouts, foster the cultivation of superior grain varieties and enhance their quality, and carry out projects to improve the quality and efficiency of grain circulation, thereby facilitating the supply of marketable, high-quality products at competitive prices. We will consolidate and enhance soybean production capacity and ensure smooth coordination between production and sales. We will expand production space for rapeseed, peanuts, camellia oleifera, and other oilseed crops, thus diversifying the supply of oilseeds. We will promote the steady development of industries such as cotton, sugar crops, and natural rubber. We will further deepen efforts to conserve grain and combat food waste.

(2) Promote quality improvement and efficiency enhancement in the “vegetable basket” industry. Adhere to a diversified approach that integrates agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries, and foster the development of a diversified food supply system. Strengthen comprehensive regulation of hog production capacity, consolidate the achievements made in alleviating difficulties faced by the beef and dairy industries, and promote a balanced supply-demand relationship and healthy development. Adopt multiple measures to boost consumption of dairy products. Support the development of forage crop production, such as silage corn and alfalfa, and facilitate the transformation and upgrading of grassland animal husbandry. Support the renovation and upgrading of facility agriculture, stabilize vegetable production, advance deep-sea aquaculture and modern offshore fishing, and actively develop forest foods and bio-agriculture. Strictly implement the food safety responsibility system, strengthen multi-departmental coordination and full-chain supervision, and rigorously investigate and punish issues such as illegal additives and excessive residues of agricultural and veterinary drugs.

(3) Strengthen the protection and quality enhancement of cultivated land. Firmly uphold the red line for cultivated land, comprehensively optimize the spatial layout of agricultural land, strictly manage the balance between cultivated land occupation and replenishment, standardize the acceptance inspection of newly replenished cultivated land, and formulate special plans for cultivated land protection. Resolutely crack down on all illegal activities that damage cultivated land, steadily advance the rectification of unauthorized construction on cultivated land in rural areas, and firmly prevent the resurgence of issues such as “greenhouse housing.” Focusing on protecting the arable soil layer and enhancing grain production capacity, optimize rules for cultivated land surveys, improve management systems for facility-based agricultural land, and steadily and orderly carry out the rectification of “non-grain” conversion of cultivated land and the restoration of abandoned farmland. Promote high-standard farmland construction in a targeted and high-quality manner by region and category, refine mechanisms for project approval, construction, acceptance, and maintenance, strengthen financial oversight, and intensify efforts to improve soil quality and enhance land productivity. Advance the modernization and renovation of medium- and large-scale irrigation districts, and strengthen the integration between high-standard farmland canal systems and key infrastructure projects in irrigation districts. Establish and improve a sound management mechanism for the replacement of permanent basic farmland—retaining the superior and phasing out the inferior. Implement a new round of black soil protection initiatives, and steadily promote the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali lands and the remediation of acidified cultivated land. On the premise of ensuring that cultivated land protection targets within provinces remain unchanged, steadily and orderly withdraw unstable cultivated land that affects flood safety in river channels and lake areas.

(4) Enhance the effectiveness of agricultural science and technology innovation. Coordinate the construction of science and technology innovation platforms and bases, strengthen efforts to tackle key core technologies in agriculture, and promote the efficient transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements. Foster and expand leading technology enterprises in the agricultural sector. Deeply implement the Seed Industry Revitalization Initiative, accelerate the selection, breeding, and promotion of breakthrough varieties, and advance the industrialization of biological breeding. Speed up the research and development and application of high-end, intelligent agricultural machinery suitable for hilly and mountainous regions, and strengthen the research, development, and promotion of forestry and grassland machinery and equipment. Develop new forms of agricultural productivity tailored to local conditions, promote the integration of artificial intelligence with agricultural development, expand application scenarios for drones, the Internet of Things, robots, and other technologies, and accelerate innovation in key technologies for agricultural biomanufacturing. Deepen reform of agricultural research institutions. Promote reform and development of the grassroots agricultural extension service system, and facilitate the dissemination of agricultural scientific and technological achievements to villages and households. Deepen educational and teaching reforms in agricultural universities, orienting education toward actual needs, accelerating the development of new agricultural sciences, and promoting targeted training of professionals in agriculture-related fields.

(5) Strengthen the construction of an agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation system. Conduct a comprehensive survey and zoning of agricultural climate resources, enhance monitoring, forecasting, and early warning for meteorological, hydrological, and geological hazards, and improve our capacity to respond to extreme weather events. Promote the construction of control hubs on major rivers, upgrade and meet standards for embankments, and develop flood-storage and detention areas. Reinforce the hazard removal and reinforcement of aging reservoirs and large- and medium-sized dams and sluices at risk. Intensify the repair and improvement of farm ditches and channels, as well as the management of small and medium-sized rivers and low-lying flood-prone areas in plains. Enhance capabilities for risk management and flood control in mountain gullies prone to flash floods, and ensure the restoration and reconstruction of infrastructure damaged by disasters. Strengthen the construction of flood-control and drainage systems in northern regions, and appropriately raise engineering construction standards. Enhance the construction of emergency drought-resistance water sources and farm drainage facilities, and establish sound mechanisms for the allocation and emergency deployment of disaster relief equipment. Strengthen integrated pest and disease control, and promote joint prevention and control of major animal diseases. Advance the construction of shelterbelts around farmland, and intensify forest and grassland fire prevention and extinguishing efforts.

(6) Promote coordination between agricultural product trade and production. Advance diversification of agricultural imports. Foster agricultural enterprises with international competitiveness. Support the expansion of exports of superior and specialty agricultural products. Severely crack down on agricultural product smuggling in accordance with the law. Actively participate in global governance of food and agriculture.

II. Implement regular, targeted assistance.

(7) Improve and refine the regularized assistance policy system. Implement regularized assistance responsibilities, steadily enhance the standards of the “three guarantees” and drinking water safety, and firmly safeguard against large-scale relapse into poverty. Integrate regularized assistance into the overall implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, maintaining overall stability in policies related to fiscal investment, financial support, and allocation of resource factors. Strengthen development-oriented assistance, boost endogenous motivation, leverage the role of social assistance as a safety net, and promote synergistic integration of assistance policies. Maintain stable levels of regularized assistance funds from the central government as well as funding contributions from provincial and municipal governments; county-level governments may rationally allocate funds based on specific assistance tasks.

(8) Enhance the precision and timeliness of monitoring and assistance efforts. Reasonably define the criteria for identifying individuals at risk of falling back into or into poverty, and standardize the mechanism for adjusting these criteria. Solidly carry out routine monitoring at both the village and township levels, improve mechanisms for precise identification and rapid response, and ensure early detection, early intervention, and early assistance. Coordinate the monitoring and identification of those at risk of falling back into or into poverty with those receiving rural social assistance, standardize the scope of income and expenditure accounting, and strengthen data sharing. Provide targeted assistance and dynamic adjustments for those at risk of falling back into or into poverty. Comprehensively assess the economic conditions and self-development capabilities of households formerly registered as having escaped poverty, and systematically withdraw assistance from those who meet the exit criteria. Continue providing assistance to those whose departure from assistance policies would pose a risk of falling back into poverty.

(9) Enhance the effectiveness of industrial and employment assistance. Optimize approaches to industrial assistance by promoting, on a categorized basis, the consolidation, upgrading, revitalization, and adjustment of existing industries, and developing assistance industries that are competitive in the market. The proportion of regular central financial assistance funds allocated to industrial development should remain broadly stable at the provincial level, while county-level authorities may adopt differentiated requirements. Improve the reward and subsidy policies for household-based industrial assistance, providing support to those at risk of falling back into or into poverty to boost their income through business operations. Strengthen the ongoing oversight responsibility for assets associated with assistance projects, categorizing them appropriately into either the state-owned asset management system or the rural collective asset management system, and intensifying efforts to revitalize and make better use of inefficient and idle assets. Reinforce employment assistance by organizing structured labor services and making effective use of employment channels such as employment assistance workshops and public welfare positions in rural areas. Continue to provide follow-up support for those who have been relocated through resettlement programs.

(10) Provide tiered and categorized assistance to underdeveloped regions. Identify at the national and provincial levels counties designated as key areas for rural revitalization assistance, refine supporting policies and incentive-and-restraint mechanisms, and establish a sound statistical monitoring system for development conditions. Promote the construction of major regional and cross-regional infrastructure projects. Deepen the implementation of “group-based” assistance programs for medical and educational cadres and talent, as well as the dispatch of special science and technology teams. Expand the scope of east-west collaboration, adjust and optimize pairing relationships for targeted assistance provided by central government units, and improve assessment and evaluation methods. Implement regular, on-site village assistance programs, and optimize the selection and management mechanisms for first secretaries and work teams stationed in villages.

3. Actively promote stable income growth for farmers.

(11) Protect and boost farmers’ enthusiasm for farming and grain production. Strengthen policy support and coordination in areas such as pricing, subsidies, and insurance, and improve the mechanism for safeguarding grain farmers’ income. Enhance market monitoring, early warning, and information dissemination for agricultural products, and coordinate market-based procurement with policy-driven storage and reserves to help keep prices of grains and other important agricultural products at reasonable levels. Reasonably set minimum purchase prices for rice and wheat, and refine the target price policy for cotton. Continue to stabilize subsidy policies for farmland fertility protection, corn and soybean producers, and rice cultivation. Implement the subsidy policy for the purchase and use of agricultural machinery effectively, promote “high-quality machinery, high-quality subsidies,” and strengthen regular, full-chain supervision. Enhance insurance coverage for rice, wheat, corn, and soybeans; support the development of insurance products tailored to local specialty agricultural products; and improve the efficiency of insurance claims processing. Strengthen the construction of agricultural futures markets. Encourage localities to pilot interest-rate subsidies for special loans aimed at grain and oilseed cultivation. Guide agricultural enterprises to strategically allocate processing capacity in major grain-producing regions. Fully implement the inter-provincial horizontal benefit compensation policy between grain-producing and sales regions, and support major grain-producing regions in bolstering their financial resources and developing the grain industry.

(12) Foster and strengthen county-level industries that boost farmers’ incomes. Coordinate the development of science-and-technology-driven agriculture, green agriculture, quality-oriented agriculture, and brand-based agriculture; tap into the multiple functions of agriculture and promote deep integration among the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors in rural areas. Support the development of green and efficient farming and animal husbandry practices, advance the deep processing of agricultural products, cultivate high-quality agricultural brands, and facilitate the development of entire industrial chains. Implement a high-quality development initiative for rural e-commerce, encourage e-commerce platforms to extend their reach and empower rural areas, and enhance the construction of facilities such as pre-cooling at production sites, cold-chain storage and preservation, and sorting and processing facilities. Standardize live-streaming sales of agricultural products. Deepen the integration of agriculture, culture, and tourism, upgrade and enhance rural tourism, and develop “small but exquisite” cultural and tourism business models. Actively develop forestry and grassland industries, foster and expand subforest economies and forest health-care industries. Optimize the regional layout of the silk and cocoon industry. Develop county-level economies with distinctive features, nurture specialized industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises, and promote integrated development aimed at invigorating industries, strengthening counties, and enriching farmers. Expand channels and methods for farmers’ participation in industrial development, improve mechanisms for equitably sharing the benefits of industrial development, and guide new types of agricultural business entities to help farmers increase their incomes and become prosperous. Strengthen coordinated planning and scientific feasibility studies for industrial projects, and avoid indiscriminate rushes and dramatic fluctuations. Improve the provincial-level statistical evaluation system for agriculture and related industries.

(13) Promote stable employment and job retention for migrant workers. Fully implement support policies aimed at stabilizing employment and retaining jobs for migrant workers, and assist enterprises in key industries by reducing their burdens and expanding job opportunities. Carry out large-scale vocational skills training to ensure a precise match between training programs and actual job market demands. Coordinate efforts to provide comprehensive services and support for migrant workers going out to work as well as those returning home to seek employment or start businesses, and strengthen care and assistance for older migrant workers. Strengthen guarantees for the timely payment of migrant workers’ wages and intensify efforts to address wage arrears. Advance the Rural Craftsmen Cultivation Program. Expand the coverage, construction sectors, and scale of labor remuneration distribution under work-relief projects, and encourage the adoption of flexible contracting methods to enable grassroots rural communities to independently implement these projects. Promote participation of flexibly employed individuals in basic old-age insurance for urban workers, and expand pilot programs providing occupational injury protection for workers in new forms of employment.

(14) Adopt multiple measures to boost rural consumption. Support the expansion and upgrading of rural consumption, enhance the quality of consumption facilities and services, and foster new forms, models, and scenarios for consumption, such as harvest markets, intangible cultural heritage workshops, and leisure camping. Support the construction and upgrading of circulation infrastructure in counties and rural areas, thereby reducing costs and improving efficiency in commercial and trade flows in rural and remote regions. Promote the introduction of new-energy vehicles, smart home appliances, and green building materials to rural areas, and establish a sound recycling system for renewable resources such as used home appliances and furniture in rural areas. Strictly crack down on, in accordance with the law, the production and sale of counterfeit and substandard goods in rural areas.

IV. Promote the construction of livable, work-friendly, and beautiful villages tailored to local conditions.

(15) Coordinate and optimize the spatial layout of rural land use. In response to demographic trends and based on the primary functional positioning, and in conjunction with natural disaster prevention efforts, we will coordinate and optimize the layout of villages and towns, enhance the quality and effectiveness of village planning, and rationally determine construction priorities and sequences. We will refine rural development implementation mechanisms tailored to local conditions, promote rural revitalization in a categorized, orderly, and regionalized manner, gradually improve the completeness of rural infrastructure, the convenience of public services, and the comfort of living environments, accelerate the addressing of shortcomings in modern rural living conditions, and create high-quality living spaces in rural areas. We will synergistically advance land-use governance at the county level, steadily carrying out comprehensive land consolidation across the board under the premise of maintaining stable arable land area, improving land quality, and enhancing ecological conditions, thereby raising the level of land conservation and intensive use and providing categorized land guarantees for rural development. We will also support the development of towns and villages in border regions.

(16) Strengthen the construction and maintenance of rural infrastructure. Support the development of small-scale water diversion and conveyance projects, and upgrade rural water supply security levels in a categorized manner. Where conditions permit, promote county-level unified management and professional maintenance of rural water supplies. Enhance the reliability and overall capacity of rural power grids, and expand coverage of rural charging facilities. Advance the renovation of aging rural roads, widen excessively narrow roads, and improve substandard road sections, while strengthening the construction of safety protection facilities. Support the joint construction and sharing of rural postal and logistics facilities, promote integrated development of passenger and freight transport in rural areas, implement consolidated delivery services, and deepen the “express delivery to villages” initiative. Establish and improve mechanisms to ensure the stable operation of rural passenger transport services. Continue implementing the renovation of dilapidated rural houses and promote the construction of modern, livable farmhouses. Launch an action plan for high-quality digital village development, and enhance network coverage in rural and remote areas. Strengthen infrastructure development in forested areas, reclaimed land areas, and pastoral regions. Promote integrated planning, construction, and management of county-level infrastructure, and establish long-term mechanisms for the maintenance of rural infrastructure.

(17) Strengthen the coordinated provision of basic public services at the county level. Prudently optimize the layout of rural primary and secondary schools and kindergartens, preserving and running well the necessary small-scale rural schools and kindergartens. Implement a revitalization plan for ordinary high schools at the county level. Promote the establishment of urban-rural school communities, enhance the coordinated allocation of teachers across counties, and encourage online sharing of high-quality classroom resources between urban and rural schools. Adopt comprehensive measures to intensify efforts to prevent students from dropping out of school and ensure their continued enrollment in rural areas. Implement the Project for Strengthening the Foundation of Medical and Health Services, upgrading and improving county-level hospitals and key central township health centers, and reinforcing operational support for county- and grassroots-level medical institutions. Support closely-integrated county-level medical consortia in enhancing their overall service capabilities, and appropriately expand the scope of drug procurement, stocking, and use by grassroots medical and health institutions. Consolidate and expand achievements in rural residents’ participation in medical insurance, improve mechanisms for continuous enrollment incentives and constraints, and steadily increase the proportion of medical insurance funds used in county-, township-, and village-level medical and health institutions. Implement a special program for college graduates serving as village doctors. Based on home-based elderly care, encourage localities with suitable conditions to develop meal assistance services, daytime care, rehabilitation nursing, and other elderly care services. Develop inclusive childcare services at the county and township levels. Improve the mechanisms for setting and dynamically adjusting rural subsistence allowance standards, optimize the relief and support system for persons in extreme poverty, and enhance the timeliness and accessibility of temporary relief measures. Employ methods such as assigning cadres to specific areas, mobilizing volunteer services, and developing public-interest jobs in rural areas to strengthen visits and care for lonely and widowed elderly people, left-behind children, children in difficult circumstances, persons with disabilities, and individuals with mental disorders in rural areas, providing timely assistance to address their practical difficulties.

(18) Promote integrated ecological protection and restoration in rural areas. Continue to improve and upgrade the rural living environment, tackling issues such as rural toilet renovations and garbage accumulation around villages with a persistent, meticulous approach. Enhance the socialized management and maintenance system for rural toilets, beautify village appearances, and build beautiful, eco-friendly countryside. Select rural domestic wastewater treatment models tailored to local conditions, optimize and adjust inefficient or ineffective wastewater treatment facilities, and accelerate the elimination of black-and-odor water bodies in rural areas. Promote source reduction of rural solid waste, and establish sound, regular mechanisms to ensure the efficient collection, transportation, and disposal of waste. Popularize green production and water-saving irrigation technologies, and develop eco-friendly, low-carbon agriculture. Intensify efforts to prevent and control pollution in agriculture and rural areas, strengthen systematic governance in regions where agricultural non-point source pollution is particularly severe, trace the origins of soil heavy-metal contamination, remediate contaminated farmland, and ensure its safe use. Strengthen comprehensive management of livestock and poultry manure and marine aquaculture environmental issues. Enhance the capacity for comprehensive utilization of straw. Strengthen systematic management and ecological protection of major rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, and promote comprehensive governance of soil and water loss in key river basins and regions. Firmly implement the ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River. Strengthen quarantine inspections of imported animals and plants and control of invasive alien species. Fully advance the construction of the “Three-North” Project, promote project implementation methods such as work-for-relief programs, and consolidate and expand achievements in sand prevention and control. Improve the subsidy and reward policies for grassland ecological protection in the fourth round.

(19) Deeply implement the project for fostering civilized rural customs. Strengthen ideological and political work in rural areas, promote and practice the core socialist values, and widely carry out mass-based publicity and education activities. Coordinate and advance efforts in cultivating civility, practicing civility, and creating civilized communities, thereby fostering a positive and virtuous moral atmosphere in rural areas. Promote “cultural and artistic enrichment of rural areas,” enriching the supply of cultural products and services in rural regions. Advance the systematic protection of rural cultural heritage, strengthen surveys and protection of rural cultural relics, traditional villages, and intangible cultural heritage, and establish protection and implementation mechanisms with villagers as the main actors. Continuously promote changes in rural customs and practices, leveraging the leading role of Party members and cadres as well as the guiding influence of village rules and covenants, adopting a combined approach of addressing both symptoms and root causes to comprehensively tackle prominent issues. Continue to tackle the issue of exorbitant bride prices in rural areas and enhance coordinated governance among neighboring provinces. Guide the public to adopt correct views on marriage, childbearing, and family life, and foster a simple and civilized wedding culture. Improve the public service system for funeral and burial services in rural areas, and promote the construction and standardized management of public cemeteries in rural regions.

(20) Build peaceful and law-based rural communities. Uphold and develop the “Fengqiao Experience” for the new era, and promote the resolution of conflicts and disputes at the grassroots level. Strengthen comprehensive prevention and control of public security in rural areas, carry out regular campaigns to eliminate organized crime and evil forces, and resolutely curb the emergence and spread of “village tyrants” and criminal gangs rooted in family and clan ties. Improve the management system for ancestral temple activities. Thoroughly crack down on various illegal and criminal activities in rural areas, including gambling, drugs, trafficking in women and children, infringement upon the personal rights of persons with disabilities, telecom and internet fraud, and illegal financial activities. Strengthen the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency and crime. Enhance the management of religious affairs in rural areas. Establish and improve a legal regulatory framework for agriculture and rural development, and intensify legal publicity and education in rural areas. Fully implement the Law on Promoting Rural Revitalization. Coordinate efforts to identify and address hidden risks and hazards from natural disasters in rural areas, prevent and mitigate safety risks in key areas such as road traffic, confined spaces, gas, fire safety, and housing, and strengthen capacity building for risk prevention, emergency rescue, and protection against drowning and other dangerous situations. Carry out special rectifications targeting safe production in marine fishing vessels.

V. Strengthen innovation in systems and mechanisms

(21) Accelerate the establishment and improvement of a modern agricultural management system. Fully launch pilot programs across entire provinces to extend the second round of land contract terms by another 30 years after their expiration, properly address conflicts and disputes arising during the extension process, and ensure that the vast majority of farming households maintain stable and smooth continuation of their existing contracted land. Standardize the transfer of land contract management rights, strengthen risk monitoring and early warning for long-term, large-scale land transfers, and enhance the production and management capabilities of family farms. Improve the quality of development of farmer cooperatives, leverage the role of modern integrated agricultural service centers, refine and optimize the convenient and efficient agricultural social service system, promote moderately scaled agricultural operations, and facilitate the organic integration of smallholder farmers with modern agriculture. Deepen reform of the rural collective property rights system, support the development of new forms of rural collective economies, and strictly control the addition of new village-level debts. Advance comprehensive reforms of supply-and-marketing cooperatives, accelerate the clarification of the relationship between cooperatives and enterprises, and strengthen their functions in serving farmers. Improve the regulatory framework for state-owned assets and resources in agricultural reclamation areas.

(22) Standardize and orderly promote the revitalization and efficient utilization of various rural resources. Promote the orderly entry of collectively-owned construction land for business purposes into the market, and support the priority use of such land for developing collective economies and rural industries; strictly prohibit its use for constructing commercial residential housing. Strengthen the approval and management of rural homesteads and farmers’ housing construction, and rigorously investigate and prevent illegal and non-compliant purchases of rural houses and homesteads. Legally revitalize and make good use of idle land and buildings, and enhance the management of lease contracts. Guide the healthy development of rural property rights transfer and trading markets. Thoroughly address prominent issues in the management of rural collective funds, assets, and resources, and strengthen standardized management of village-level labor employment. Continue to deepen reform of the collective forest rights system.

(23) Innovate investment and financing mechanisms for rural revitalization. Prioritize ensuring general public budget allocations for agriculture and rural areas, and enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of fiscal policies supporting agriculture. Fully utilize special bonds and ultra-long-term special government bonds to support the construction of major projects in agriculture and rural areas that meet the eligibility criteria. Improve the coordinated mechanism between fiscal and financial resources for agricultural support, fully leveraging the incentive effects of policies such as re-lending for agricultural and small-business support and re-lending for technological innovation and technological upgrades, thereby encouraging financial institutions to increase their funding allocation to agriculture and rural areas. Increase support for loan extensions and renewals for agricultural enterprises and farmers. Promote the development of a rural credit system and strengthen the collection and sharing of agricultural-related information. Guide and regulate social investment in agriculture and rural areas, and establish sound risk prevention mechanisms. Strengthen full-process oversight of agricultural funds and projects, and strictly investigate and punish issues such as falsification, favoritism, "squeezing every last bit," and misappropriation or diversion of funds.

(24) Promote two-way flow of factors between urban and rural areas. Scientifically and orderly advance the urbanization of agricultural migrants, implementing policies that link transfer payments, newly allocated construction land indicators, and infrastructure investment to the urbanization of agricultural migrants. Promote a system under which basic public services are provided based on household registration at the place of permanent residence. In accordance with the law, safeguard the land contract rights, homestead use rights, and rights to share collective income of farmers who have settled in cities, and explore establishing mechanisms for voluntary and compensated withdrawal. Strengthen and expand the ranks of rural talent, encouraging various types of talents to go to rural areas to provide services, start businesses, and find employment. Enhance training for rural industry leaders and rural governance personnel, and cultivate “agricultural innovators” tailored to local conditions. Implement a new round of the “Three Supports and One Assistance” program for college graduates. Advance the “Women Pursuing Dreams in Rural Areas” initiative, the Western China College Student Volunteer Service Program, and the Youth Action for Rural Revitalization.

Six, Strengthen the Party’s Overall Leadership over “Agriculture, Rural Areas, and Farmers” Work.

(25) Strengthen the implementation of the responsibility system for rural revitalization. Uphold the principle that secretaries at all five levels are responsible for rural revitalization, and improve the institutional mechanisms for Party leadership in rural work. Better leverage the coordinating role of Party committees’ agricultural offices. Increase efforts to provide education and training for cadres working on “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers,” and carry out in-depth specialized training aimed at promoting comprehensive rural revitalization, thereby enhancing the capabilities of Party and government cadres at all levels in their work related to “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.”

(26) Strengthen the building of grassroots Party organizations in rural areas. Carry out well the elections for replacing leadership at the grassroots level in rural areas, select and appoint outstanding individuals to strengthen township leadership teams, optimize village “two committees” leadership teams—especially the leading cadres—and continue to rectify weak and disorganized village Party organizations. Enhance daily education and management of rural Party members and implement a centralized, rotating training program for rural Party members. Reinforce and stabilize the frontline workforce at the grassroots level in rural areas; public servant recruitment plans should favor grassroots agencies at the county and township levels, and in principle, staff should not be seconded from counties or townships. Ensure basic remuneration guarantees for village-level cadres and do a good job of cultivating and reserving reserve personnel. Improve the procedures for village-level deliberation and consultation mechanisms, and broaden channels for farmers to participate in rural governance. Strictly supervise and manage grassroots rural cadres, and continue to deepen inspections of village Party organizations.

(27) Improve rural work methods and approaches. Foster and practice a correct view of political achievements, tailor measures to local conditions and actual circumstances, and consciously act in accordance with objective laws. Deeply carry out efforts to combat formalism and reduce burdens on the grassroots level; make good use of the lists of responsibilities assigned to townships (subdistricts); refine the system for approving village (community) work tasks; strengthen data sharing and innovative applications under the “One-Form-Access” framework; and streamline and integrate government mobile internet applications aimed at the grassroots level. Solidly conduct the Fourth National Agricultural Census. Optimize performance evaluation for the Rural Revitalization Strategy, focusing on key tasks, improving evaluation methods, and enhancing the relevance and scientific rigor of assessments. Fully implement the “Four Approaches to the Grassroots” system, starting from rural realities and fully respecting farmers’ wishes, while avoiding “one-size-fits-all” policy implementation and excessive layer-by-layer escalation. Adhere to a problem-oriented approach, uphold integrity while promoting innovation, and combine policy support with reform and innovation. Encourage grassroots levels to boldly explore solutions suited to their specific contexts, thereby fully unleashing their dynamism and creativity in pursuing development and prosperity. Deepen efforts to address corruption and misconduct in the field of rural revitalization, consolidate and expand upon the achievements of studying and implementing the spirit of the Central Committee’s Eight-Point Regulation, and promote comprehensive rural revitalization through sound work styles.

We must unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, stay firmly focused on our goals, and forge ahead with determination, so as to achieve new progress in the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, elevate agricultural and rural modernization to a new level, and steadily advance toward the goal of building a strong agricultural nation.